Personal Pronouns 
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Subject
|
Direct Object
|
Indirect Object
|
Disjunctives
|
|
je
|
I
|
me
|
me
|
me
|
to me
|
moi
|
me
|
|
tu
|
you
|
te
|
you
|
te
|
to you
|
toi
|
you
|
|
il
|
he
|
le
|
him
|
lui
|
to him
|
lui
|
him
|
|
elle
|
she
|
la
|
her
|
lui
|
to her
|
elle
|
her
|
|
nous
|
we
|
nous
|
us
|
nous
|
to us
|
nous
|
us
|
|
vous
|
you
|
vous
|
you
|
vous
|
to you
|
vous
|
you
|
|
ils
|
they
|
les
|
them
|
leur
|
to them
|
eux
|
them
|
|
elles
|
they
|
les
|
them
|
leur
|
to them
|
elles
|
them
|
You have already learned the subject pronouns. They go before the conjugated verb forms. The Direct and Indirect Object pronouns go before the verb even though in English they go after it. They also go after the ne in a negative sentence and right before the verb. The disjunctive always go after prepositions, or can be used alone for emphasis.
Sample Sentences:
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J'achète des pantalons.
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I buy some pants.
|
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Je les achète.
|
I buy them.
|
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Je vous donne la boîte.
|
I give the box to you.
|
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Je vous la donne.
|
I give it to you.
|
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Après toi.
|
After you. (familiar)
|
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Nous allons avec elle.
|
We go with her.
|
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Il ne la quitte pas.
|
He doesn't leave her.
|
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Il la quitte.
|
He leaves her.
|
|
Je t'aime. or Je vous aime.
|
I love you.
|
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Elle ne l'aime pas.
|
She doesn't love him.
|
When you have more than one pronoun; me, te, nous, or vous come first, then le, la, or les, then lui or leur. Me, te, le, and la contract to m', t', and l' when they precede a vowel, the same way je does. In commands, the pronouns go after the verb, connected with a hyphen. And the pronoun order changes a little too: Le, la, or les come first; then moi, toi, (Me and te become moi and toi in commands) nous, or vous; then lui, or leur.
If you have pronouns, they go before the complete verb in regular sentences; but after the ne and before the form of avoir in negative sentences.
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Nous lui avons parlé.
|
We spoke to him/her.
|
|
Vous en avez écouté trois.
|
You've listened to three of them.
|
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Je t'ai demandé du pain.
|
I asked you for some bread.
|
|
Il ne l'a pas aimé.
|
He didn't like it/her/him.
|
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Tu n'y as pas habité.
|
You didn't live there.
|
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Je ne vous ai pas parlé.
|
I didn't speak (or haven't spoken) to you.
|
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Nous ne l'avons pas fini.
|
We didn't finish (or haven't finished) it.
|
In the passé composé with avoir, direct object pronouns only must agree in gender and number with the past participle.
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Je les ai aimés.
|
I liked them.
|
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Il l'a regardée.
|
He watched her.
|
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Elles nous ont écouté(e)s.
|
They listened to us.
|
Add an e if the pronoun is feminine, and an s if it is plural. The l' could mean him or her, so you might not need to put the extra e on the past participle. The same for nous and vous. They must have an s because they are plural, but it is unclear as to whether they are masculine or feminine.
To Live
vivre - to live, be alive (vee-vruh)
|
Present
|
Imperfect
|
Future
|
|
vis
|
|
vivons
|
|
vivais
|
|
vivions
|
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vivrai
|
|
vivrons
|
|
|
vis
|
|
vivez
|
|
vivais
|
|
viviez
|
|
vivras
|
|
vivrez
|
|
|
vit
|
|
vivent
|
|
vivait
|
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vivaient
|
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vivra
|
|
vivront
|
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The past participle of vivre is vécu and it is conjugated with avoir. Habiter is another verb that means to live, but it means to live in a place. Vivre is used to mean the state of being alive. A subjunctive form of vivre, vive, is often used in exclamations.
Vive la France ! Long live France!
